Antigone By Sophocles A Moral And Legal Battle - 951 Words

In the play Antigone by Sophocles, the title character is engaged in a moral and legal battle with King Creon. The king has issued a legal verdict against the brother of Antigone. He is to be left to rot in the battlefield, rather than be buried. As such, his body will be eaten by vultures and not be given the honor of burial. This was considered the worst punishment that could be given at the time. Antigone believes that this is wrong. She decides to go against the legal orders of the king, or the law and bury her brother. Mostly, Antigone chooses to listen to a higher order: her moral conscience. In doing so, she commits an act of civil disobedience. While the play is an ancient one, this is an ongoing issue throughout society. Since the play was first performed, there have been numerous episodes of civil disobedience by individuals in society (Leshak 2009). They continue to the present. This paper will discuss the issue between Antigone and the King. It will then dis cuss how this play is still relevant to the modern world through the message of civil disobedience. The play is one of Sophocles’ most famous works. It was written around 441 BCE. In the opening, Thebes is enduring a civil war. Two brothers choose to fight on opposite sides of the war. The new king is Creon. He has opted to recognize one brother for distinction while shaming the other publicly. Eteocles is given public honor and Polyneices has been condemned to rot on the battlefieldShow MoreRelatedA Man Defeated By His Flaws in Sophocles’ play, â€Å"Antigone† 995 Words   |  4 PagesIn Sophocles’ play, â€Å"Antigone† translated by Robert Fitzgerald and Dudley Fitts, Creon believes his laws surpass the laws written by the gods but his real flaw is his belief in masculine superiority and his self-destructive pride. In Greek literature, a tragedy means a sad story in which a hero is defeated because of his flaws and through this the audie nce will have a better understanding of themselves and the world. King Creon takes the audience thru his journey of ego, stubbornness and sufferingRead MoreThe Prevailing Message Throughout Sophocles Antigone And King s Letter From Birmingham Jail1251 Words   |  6 Pagesprevailing message throughout Sophocles’ Antigone and King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail is that civil disobedience serves the purpose of fighting and correcting injustice in situations where systemic breaks in adherence to natural law occurs. Injustice here as used here is not to be synonymous with things that are simply unlawful or unfair, but instead takes on a deeper and more specific definition pertaining to the natural moral codes that all laws, as argued by King and Antigone, ought to be based uponRead MoreThe Effects of Greek Theatre on Women3640 Words   |  15 Pagesmythological or heroic story, and that an actor was introduced to answer questions posed by the choral group. The Greek wor d for actor is hypokrites, which literally meaning the one who answers. Tragedy underwent to major changes due to Aeschylus and Sophocles, both who added an actor. Tragedy, the main style of Greek theatre went through numerous changes, reflecting the changing culture. â€Å"This ever changing people’s history is left in the few remaining volumes the works of comedy, tragedy, and satireRead MoreEssay Ritual Pollution and Homicide Cases1818 Words   |  8 Pagescertain crimes – e.g. homicide – disrupted the sanctity of their city, causing an imbalance they referred to as â€Å"pollution.† Restoring balance was of the utmost importance. Otherwise, they believed that the gods would punish them with losses in battle, bad crops, and an overall miserable existence. Rituals played a very important role in ancient Greek society. Certain cities, sites, and temples were sacred. The tradition of naming certain spiritual places areas of asylum was Asylia. These asylumsRead MoreHistory of Theatre Lesson Notes Essay5401 Words   |  22 Pagesidea-  the problem to be tested in Greek Old Comedy, usually established in the prologue. In  Lysistrata  the happy idea is that the women should refrain from sex with their husbands until the war is ended, rather far fetched (sex strike to end war). Sophocles-famous playwright of the 5th century, introduced the third actor, wrote more than 120 plays, won 24 contests, fixed the size of the chorus at 15 members, first use of scene painting, increased emphasis on indv characters and reduced the role of theRead MorePros and Cons of Incest3450 Words   |  14 Pagesespecially the  Ptolemies; the famous Cleopatra VII  was married to her younger brother,  Ptolemy XIII. Her mother and father,  Cleopatra V  and  Ptolemy XII, had also been brother and sister. In  Ancient Greece,  Spartan King  Leonidas I, hero of the legendary  Battle of Thermopylae, was married to his  niece  Gorgo, daughter of his half brother  Cleomenes I. Greek law allowed marriage between a brother and sister if they had different mothers. For example, some accounts say that  Elpinice  was for a time married toRead MoreThe Origin, Development and Significance of Human Rights10255 Words   |  42 Pagessocial as well as natural forces, resulting in exploitation, oppression, persecution, and other forms of deprivation. Deeply rooted in these twin observations are the beginnings of what today are called human rights and the national and international legal processes that are associated with them. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT The expression human rights is relatively new, having come into everyday parlance only since World War II, the founding of the United Nations in 1945,and the adoption by the UN General

Essay about National Cranberry - 801 Words

2. Throughput is defined as Throughput=Min {Input rate, Process capacity, Demand rate} Input Rate = 3000 bbls/hr Input Rate and Demand Rate Process Capacity Throughput =Min {Process Capacity} It is evident from the process flowchart that the capacity of the drying unit is minimum at 450 and maximum at 600 bbls/hr. However, this does not apply to dry berries. Both dry and wet berries go through the separation process with a capacity of 1200 bbls/hr. Since 70% of the berries are wet, the capacity for separation is recalculated as Separation capacity for wet berries = 70% of 1200 bbls/hr = 840 bbls/hr Separation capacity for dry berries = 30% of 1200 bbls/hr = 360 bbls/hr Since the output from the dryer unit for wet†¦show more content†¦Total Capacity (bbls/hr) Wet (bbls/hr) Dry (bbls/hr) Dumper 3000 2100 900 Bins 7200 3200 4000 Destoning 4500 X 4500 Dechaffing 4500 3150 1350 Drying 600 600 X Separating 1200 600 600 Arrival rate of berries = 1500 bbls/hr Start time for processing is 11 AM. Arrival time of berries = 7 AM. Time for storage in the dumper and bins = 4 hours Total number of berries = 1500*4 = 6000 bbls Total number of wet berries = 70% of 6000 = 4200 bbls Total number of dry berries = 30% of 6000 = 1800 bbls Capacity for storage of Dry berries in bins = 3200 bbls Arrival rate for dry berries = 30% of 1500 bbls/hr = 450 bbls/hr Bottleneck for dry berries is Separation at 600 bbls/hr which is greater than arrival rate. Excess berries in bins start getting processed at (600-450) =150 bbls/hr Arrival of berries stops at 7 PM. Excess dry berries remaining after 7 PM = 1800 – 8*150 = 600 bbls. Capacity for storage of Wet berries in bins = 4000 bbls Arrival rate for wet berries = 70% of 1500 bbls/hr = 1050 bbls/hr Bottleneck for dry berries is Drying at 600 bbls/hr which is less than arrival rate. This leads to excess dry berries in addition to the wet berries in the storage. Rate at which excess backlog wet berries are generated = (1050-600) = 450 bbls/hr Arrival of berries stops at 7 PM. Excess wet berries remaining after 7 PM = 4200 + 8*450 = 7800 bbls. Wet berries remaining in bins = 3200 bbls Wet berries remaining to beShow MoreRelatedEssay on National Cranberry Cooperative670 Words   |  3 PagesNational Cranberry Cooperative In early 1981, at the National Cranberry Cooperative’s receiving plant number 1 (RP1), overtime costs are too high and delivery trucks and their drivers have to wait several hours to unload. The trucks have to wait because the plant’s holding bins fill up and there is not temporary storage. The holding bins fill up because within the cranberry operating system there is a bottleneck, a place in the production process where production slows down because of a slow orRead MoreEssay on National Cranberry3566 Words   |  15 Pages9-688-122 REV: MARCH 17, 2006 National Cranberry Cooperative (Abridged) On February 14, 1981, Hugo Schaeffer, vice president of operations at the National Cranberry Cooperative (NCC), called his assistant, Mel O’Brien, into his office and said: Mel, I spent all day yesterday reviewing last fall’s process fruit operations at receiving plant #1 [RP1] with Will Walliston, the superintendent, and talking with the co-op members [growers] in that area. It’s obvious to me that we haven’t solvedRead MoreNational Cranberry Cooperative Case1795 Words   |  8 PagesThe major trends of the cranberry industry and the problems facing RP#1 There are several major trends that we can observe in the cranberry industry for the period of 1945-1979 (See Table 1 in the Appendix). First, there is a steady production increase in each of the five-year periods: from 615,000 barrels in 1945-1949 to 1,546,120 barrels 30 years later. The production growth was caused by the increasing mechanisation of cranberry industry. For example, water harvesting could result in a yieldRead MoreNational Cranberry Cooperative Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesNATIONAL CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE National Cranberry Cooperative Question 1 The receiving plant No. 1 is facing 3 problems: 1) Too much waiting time for trucks before they can unload their berries; 2) The overtime costs are too high; 3) The grading process of the berries is inadequate. Question 2 Question 3 Process Flow Diagram for wet and dry cranberries Working Note: Arrival of berries- In the process fruit, first berries are arrived on receiving plantRead MoreNational Cranberry Cooperative Case Study Essay756 Words   |  4 PagesNational Cranberry Cooperative 1. Analyze the current process. Please see the Excel file. 2. On a busy day, what is RP#1’s current maximum throughput rate? The separator line could process up to 450 bbls/hr. instead of 400 bbls/hr. The other bottleneck for this question is dryer process. So the maximum throughput rate should be: 600+450=1050 bbls/hr. 3. Assuming that processing starts at 7 am on a â€Å"busy† day, present the situation during such a day, by constructing an inventoryRead MoreNational Cranberry Cooperative Case Study Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesNational Cranberry is a cooperative of berry growers around North America that share common production facilities and for the last several years have been experiencing capacity bottlenecks among other issues. After initial analysis, two main factors that contributed to a decrease in production were found. The first issue in the business is that the supply trucks and drivers delivering the harvest were not properly organized and there was not enough space and organization to allow for smooth offloadingRead MoreNational Cranberry Cooperative1332 Words   |  6 PagesReport: National Cranberry Cooperative Fill in your name in the header. Please read the Course Syllabus for guidelines on collaboration in assignments: Below, write your answers to Guiding Questions 1-4. The case is due at the beginning of class on January 29 (Wednesday). Please submit only one document per group. We will discuss the answers in class. You may want to print out your answers and charts for your reference during the class discussion. Some additional information about National CranberryRead MoreNational Cranberry Cooperative1811 Words   |  8 PagesTable of Contents 1.) Introduction 2 2.) Process Analysis 2 3.) Process Flow at National Cranberry Cooperative 4 4.) Installing a Light Grading System 5 5.) Decreasing the truck waiting time 6 6.) Bag pack or Bulk Pack 8 7.) Conclusions 9 1.) Introduction This case analysis looks at the two primary problems at the receiving plant no. 1 (RP 1) faced by National Cranberry Cooperative during the cranberry harvesting period, viz. 1) too much waiting period for trucks before they unloadRead MoreNational Cranberry Cooperative1798 Words   |  8 PagesTable of Contents 1.) Introduction 2 2.) Process Analysis 2 3.) Process Flow at National Cranberry Cooperative 4 4.) Installing a Light Grading System 5 5.) Decreasing the truck waiting time 6 6.) Bag pack or Bulk Pack 8 7.) Conclusions 9 1.) Introduction This case analysis looks at the two primary problems at the receiving plant no. 1 (RP 1) faced by National Cranberry Cooperative during the cranberry harvesting period, viz. 1) too much waiting period for trucks before they unload berriesRead MoreNational Cranberry Cooperative Essay1088 Words   |  5 PagesExecutive Summary Operations Management Introduction As a leader in the fruit industry, National Cranberry Cooperative (NCC) is ready to take on some changes in order to increase efficiency in its operation. The entire process flow by which cranberries enter, move, and exit Receiving Plant No. 1 (RP1) can be improved by tweaking certain stages of the overall operation. Such improvements will reduce the expensive overtime costs that have been incurred and reduce the waiting time for inbound delivery

Strengths Weaknesses Research Methodology -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Strengths Weaknesses Research Methodology? Answer: Introduction The main purpose of this paper is to critically analyze different research methodology and find out an appropriate methodology for the research thesis on the topic of sleep quality study. Research on this topic is significant because it is a unique topic area which is focusing on variations in the quality of sleep and its impact on health. Hence, this research can also give an insight into factors that disrupts good quality of sleep. The first assignment was related to literature review on the selected topic and this assignment is concerned with working out appropriate methodology for the research topic. The paper provides an idea about the research problems and then reorganizes the research problem according to collected literature. In the second section, analysis of different types of research methodology is presented. The third deals with analysis of existing methodologies in collected literature. The final sections provide an insight into the methodology chosen for our research t hesis. Research problems and collected literatures My research thesis is on the topic of sleep quality study. Sleep quality is a term that describes a persons satisfaction with sleep patterns. It is a complex phenomenon that deals not only with quantity of sleep, but also with other sleep related experience such as sleep initiation, disruptions in sleep and refreshment after waking from sleep (1). A good quality of sleep is essential for healthy mind and body, however disruptions in sleep is associated with fatigue, tension and other issues for affected people (2). However, there are many issues that come in the way of good sleep quality. One such issue in the topic of sleep quality is the high incidence of sleep disorder and insomnia and its impact on health of people. Hence, incidence of insomnia and its impact on health is one of the research problems. Research literature has given insight into the risk of infectious and inflammatory disease and all-cause mortality due to sleep disturbance. Such evidence needs to be examined by pu blic health staffs because 25% of the US population suffers from insomnia and 10% of them are diagnosed with chronic insomnia (3). Therefore, high incidence of sleep disturbance and risk for adverse health consequences may increase the health burden. Hence, this research problem needed to addressed in the research for the topic sleep quality study. Sleep quality of an individual is also affected due to poor routine or environment. Sleep timing and quality is also affected due to inappropriate shift timing. Hence, shift work is one of the research problem related to the topic of quality sleep. A study done on shift workers has revealed large incidence of sleep difficulties or lack of sleep in people doing night shifts. It affects their circardian clock and inability to synchronize with internal clock of the body creates problem for students (4). Other sub-problems seen in the research topic is that certain medical conditions, use of chemical and environment around people also act as a barrier in good sleep. Hence, in relation to the problem of adverse impact of sleep on health, the research thesis will help in designing appropriate methodology to understand differences in health of individuals with good sleep and those having sleeping disorders or other problem. Organization of collected literature Research problem Sub problem Collected Literature High incidence of sleep disorder and insomnia in people Difference in subjective meaning of sleep quality in different individual Adverse impact on health Role of shift work on sleep problems Light as a disruptor in sleep Impact on daytime functioning and quality of life (1) (3) (4) (5, 6) (7) Sleep disorder due to effect of medical condition Role of chemical substance Role of medical condition in sleep quality (9) (9, 10) Compare and contrast of quantitative and qualitative research methodologies: The methodology chosen for research differs on the basis of research objective and core purpose of research. Qualitative research methodology is selected when the main purpose of research is to uncover thoughts, opinions and motivation of people in relation to specific social phenomenon. It is a form of exploratory research that favors researchers to get in-depth idea about research problem and get clear idea about the problem. Such research mainly deals with non-numerical data to interpret meaning from participants response to a phenomenon. Qualitative research methodology can be conducted by different methods such as interviews, survey, focus groups, open-ended questionnaires and content analysis. As this method requires researchers to collect in-depth perception about any event, it is done with small sample size (11). In contrast to qualitative research, quantitative research is done when the main purpose is to quantify attitudes, opinion or behavior of participants related to phenomenon. It mainly deals with number or objective stance to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variable. The main advantage of quantitative research methodology is that it favors doing research with large sample size and using measurable data to analyze facts and opinion. This kind of research can be done by means of surveys, face-to-face interviews, longitudinal studies and systematic observation (12). The main difference between quantitative and qualitative research methodology is that quantitative methodology is based on objective stance whereas qualitative research methodology is based on subjective stance. Hence, qualitative research favors interpreting subjective experience of participants, whereas quantitative methodology facilitates collecting objective data from participants. With respect to sample size, quantitative research method favors taking large samples compared to qualitative methodology. Another strength of quantitative research methodology is that the research can be conducted in short time frame, however qualitative research is a time consuming process (13). In terms of analysis, qualitative methods rely on inductive process to formulate hypothesis, whereas quantitative method relies on deductive process to test hypothesis. As quantitative method provides observed effects of a condition, it is more generalizable compared to qualitative methods which provide opini on-based result. In the context of validity and reliability, it can be said that for both research methods, this is dependent on the rigor used in research (14). Method selected for thesis project As my research is mainly concerned with exploring different aspects of sleep quality in insomniac and good sleeper, I plan to adopt qualitative research methodology for my research project. Qualitative research methods favor in-depth exploration of opinions. Hence, qualitative research methodology will help me to collect data from different groups of participants regarding sleep quality, impact of sleep quality and factors affecting sleep. The advantage of taking two groups of good sleepers and insomniac is that it will help in to differentiate between sleep quality and health impact in healthy people and those with sleep problems. It will help me to collect enough data for each group of participants. I can do cross sectional survey with two groups of participant and my formulation of survey questionnaire and analysis of the data will determine the quality of my research. Cross-sectional study is useful to study health characteristics in a population at a given time. This method is p roposed to address the core objective of my research. Review, analyze and summarize the existing methodologies reported in the collected literatures There are many problems related to sleep quality such high incidence of sleep disorder, adverse impact on health, impact on quality of life and impact on circardian cycle. However, I would like to conduct research with the issue of impact of sleep on quality of life and daytime functioning. Working on this sub-problem is relevant to my research objective, as reviewing research literature in this area will help me to determine all factors that disrupts sleep in good sleepers and insomniacs. Analysis of selected methodology The Subjective Meaning of Sleep Quality: A Comparison of Individuals with and without Insomnia My main aim of my first research literature was to determine the subjective meaning of sleep quality among people with insomnia and normal sleepers. Although lot of research has been done on sleep quality among good sleepers, however understanding the perception of sleep among insomnia patient is crucial to promote recovery of insomniacs. To conduct the research, qualitative approach was used by following Speak Freely procedure and Sleep Quality Interview procedure to collect data. Speak Freely procedure helped in getting data related to participants description of good and poor quality sleep. Sleep quality interview questioned participants regarding different sleep variables. Sleep diary was also maintained where participants had to answer questions related to sleep quality on seven consecutive nights. The results mainly showed that similar sleep quality variables defined by both groups and insomnia group judged sleep mainly on quality of sleep (1). The key weakness in the methodolo gy was completion of multiple comparisons due to qualitative approach. However, the replicability of such research is low because of large data on sleep quality. Evening exposure to a light-emitting diodes (LED)-backlit computer screen affects circadian physiology and cognitive performance My second study focused on examining effect of evening exposure to LED-backlit computer screen on circadian physiology and cognitive performance. Research in this area was important because many people sit for longer time in front of computer screen in their office. Hence, investigating its impact of alertness, cognitive performance and melatonin level was important. This study was done by taking balanced crossover design. Young male volunteers between 19-35 years age had to fill out questionnaires related to health, sleep quality and sleep behaviors. The study protocol was to carry out experiment study with participants for two week where the focus was to expose participants to computer screen light. All participants had to report 6 hours prior to bedtime and they had to complete cognitive task as well as 5 hour screen exposure episode before (5). The study was based mainly on quantitative approach, however the main limitation in this methodology is that the researcher has made rese arch process very complex by taking lot of exercise after exposure. It is hard to replicate such studies considering technical complexity of the research. The main aim of the third literature was to assess the impact of disease, pain and psychological factors on self-reported sleep disturbance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Quantitative approach was used to collect data related to medication use, disease activity and pain, psychological functioning and sleep disturbance. Data was analyzed using SPSS 19.0 and sleep disturbance variable was examined using multiple regression approach (9). The use of quantitative research approach was useful in predicting that pain and depressive symptoms are more important predictors of sleep disturbance. It established clear links between sleep disturbance variables and participants. Relevance of the reviewed methodologies Among the methodologies reviewed in research literature, literature 1 is most relevant to my study because it focused on evaluating sleep perceptions in normal sleepers and people with insomnia. My research objective is very close to this aim too. Literature 2 is found partly relevant to my research as it gives an insight into role of light exposure on sleep problems. It is found partly relevant because although it gives idea about factors affecting sleep, however quality of life parameter is not closely addressed. I find literature 3 not to be relevant to my study because it focused on evaluating sleep disturbance in people with rheumatoid arthritis, however my research sample does not include this group. Literature Research problem Methodology Subproblem Relevance Literature 1 High incidence of sleep disorder and insomnia in people Qualitative Difference in subjective meaning of sleep quality in different individual Strongly Relevant Literature 2 High incidence of sleep disorder and insomnia in people Quantitative Light as a disruptor in sleep Partly relevant Literature 3 Sleep disorder due to effect of medical condition Role of medical condition on sleep quality Not relevant Propose own methodology for research problem I propose to use cross-sectional qualitative research methodology by use of survey questionnaires to collect data from two groups of participants. I want to use a survey questionnaire which is very specific to my research objectives and I aim to see how factors related to sleep disturbance differs in both group. Benefits and limitations of methodology Benefits: Ability to direct explore opinion of people with insomnia Reliable source as realistic opinion can be provided High reliability Easy to administer surveys Limitations Chances of biasness due to different opinions of different people Influence of culture and background on study results Chances of error in data Framework of methodology After analysis of different methodology used in research, qualitative research design has been chosen to evaluate the factors affecting sleep quality. The use of qualitative approach by means of survey questionnaire has been chosen to explore and interpret different factors affecting sleep and the condition that significantly challenged people in having good sleep. Two participants have been chosen to understand how definition of sleep quality and factors affecting sleep changes in people with good sleep and those with insomnia. Both open and closed ended questionnaire has been planned for the research to get detailed data related to specific barrier to sleep. On this basis, the factors will be categorized on the basis of severity. Thematic analysis will help in systematically arranging and discussing different factors influencing sleep quality. Reference Harvey AG, Stinson K, Whitaker KL, Moskovitz D, Virk H. The subjective meaning of sleep quality: a comparison of individuals with and without insomnia. Sleep. 2008 Mar 1;31(3):383-93. Pow J, King DB, Stephenson E, DeLongis A. Does social support buffer the effects of occupational stress on sleep quality among paramedics? A daily diary study. Journal of occupational health psychology. 2017 Jan;22(1):71. Irwin MR. Why sleep is important for health: a psychoneuroimmunology perspective. Annual review of psychology. 2015 Jan 5;66. Vetter C, Fischer D, Matera JL, Roenneberg T. Aligning work and circadian time in shift workers improves sleep and reduces circadian disruption. Current Biology. 2015 Mar 30;25(7):907-11. Cajochen C, Frey S, Anders D, Spti J, Bues M, Pross A, Mager R, Wirz-Justice A, Stefani O. Evening exposure to a light-emitting diodes (LED)-backlit computer screen affects circadian physiology and cognitive performance. Journal of applied physiology. 2011 Mar 17;110(5):1432-8. Wood B, Rea MS, Plitnick B, Figueiro MG. Light level and duration of exposure determine the impact of self-luminous tablets on melatonin suppression. Applied ergonomics. 2013 Mar 31;44(2):237-40. Shochat T, Cohen-Zion M, Tzischinsky O. Functional consequences of inadequate sleep in adolescents: a systematic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2014 Feb 28;18(1):75-87. Drake C, Roehrs T, Shambroom J, Roth T. Caffeine effects on sleep taken 0, 3, or 6 hours before going to bed. Journal of clinical sleep medicine: JCSM: official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. 2013 Nov 15;9(11):1195. Nicassio PM, Ormseth SR, Kay M, Custodio M, Irwin MR, Olmstead R, Weisman MH. The contribution of pain and depression to self-reported sleep disturbance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Pain. 2012 Jan 31;153(1):107-12. Irwin MR, Olmstead R, Carrillo C, Sadeghi N, FitzGerald JD, Ranganath VK, Nicassio PM. Sleep loss exacerbates fatigue, depression, and pain in rheumatoid arthritis. Sleep. 2012 Apr 1;35(4):537-43. Silverman D, editor. Qualitative research. Sage; 2016 May 16. Kumar R. Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage; 2014 Jan 14. Choy LT. The strengths and weaknesses of research methodology: Comparison and complimentary between qualitative and quantitative approaches. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 2014;19(4):99-104. Neuman WL, Robson K. Basics of social research. Pearson Canada; 2014 Feb 4

Is George right to kill Lennie Essay Example For Students

Is George right to kill Lennie? Essay In my opinion no one should have the impudence of taking the life of any human being, only God has the authority to take somebodys life. Although Lennie would had suffered more if he got killed by someone else.  There were two things to do after Georges realization that Lennie had killed Curleys wife: either help him like last time in Weed or take courage in his hands and kill him before he could do more damage and before anybody could do it for him. Personally I would had put him in a mental hospital, but Steinbeck chose what to do with him. I think that Steinbeck focuses deeply on the atmosphere of the last chapter. First of all he goes back to where he starts the novel, before any bad things happened to the two friends when they were happy and still with dreams of a better life. He first makes George reassure Lennie and make him feel as if he was in heaven; all the things they wanted then he shoots him. George reassured him with words like I aint mad. I never been mad, an I aint mad now. Thats a thing I want ya to know. George inspirits him before his death. If Lennie was going to be killed by a man of the ranch he would had suffered more and would had died in pain and even if George would had helped him escape like in Weed they couldnt had kept running from things for the rest of their lives. The second option for Lennie was to go to jail and risk the electric chair. George had to do it for everybodys sake because Lennie could had done the same thing again, then slim said to the Suffering George Never you mindA guy got to sometimes Lennie not being very bright likes to stroke live creatures and at all times he kills them. Maybe George exaggerated his action of killing his own friend and partner of job migration. The incentive is that George, even if he killed him while he was at peace, he promised aunt Clara that he would have take care of him, I think that killing is not a good way of taking care of a person.  I cant decide whether he made the right choice because Im not the writer and I cant change things; although I personally remain of the Idea that only and only God can decide of the faith of any human being, this is my idea even though George made him die in peace.

Your Up To Your Neck In Water Essay Example For Students

Your Up To Your Neck In Water Essay Hard rains falling down on you The winds have changed girl, and what have you to care for now? Now the skys fences they are a facin for you We will write a custom essay on Your Up To Your Neck In Water specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now You finally learnt that money doesnt talk it swears Consider your past and enjoy it, for its gone now. Now your just rambling round, While listening to that same old sound Like a Rolling Stone?- Bob Dylan- like a rolling stone The sun is gone And the breeze has stopped Every one still waits for the ships to come in What have you got to wait for now? Staring threw the peephole on your knees Kraft dinner and cheese is all you got know. You came all the way here, when what you where really looking for, was the other way around But dont forget that same old sound Like a Rolling Stone?- Bob Dylan- like a rolling stone You are naked and barebacked in front of society Youve got to find a name for yourself And take care of your notoriety The pink rose that sat across you perfect cherry world, And youre countless money supply Laying in your flawless diamond sky Swirlin and whirlin abound With youre chained up servants Flipped out phonies and bubble gum swirls Crumbling behind you that shadow that you cant forget Starry-eyed an laughing even when you feel regret Count the countless, talk to the speechless, sing on the burial ground But dont ever forget that same old sound Like a Rolling Stone?- Bob Dylan- like a rolling stone Crimson flames puzzled your ears Throwing you to mighty traps Using your thoughts and ideas But only to strip youre self down to the hole that hes in After he took from you everything He could steal.- Bob Dylan- Like A Rolling Stone And dont cover up that raw wound your not in the social order anymore Its time to forget that same old sound Sing, breathe, write, talk, croak and more arent those all the qualities of a true man

Construction Industry in the UK †Research Report Essays

Construction Industry in the UK – Research Report Essays Construction Industry in the UK – Research Report Essay Construction Industry in the UK – Research Report Essay Outline This study provides elaborate market analysis. information and penetrations into the UK building industry. including: The UK building industry’s growing chances by market. undertaking type and type of building activity Analysis of equipment. stuff and service costs across each undertaking type within the UK Critical penetration into the impact of industry tendencies and issues. and the hazards and chances they present to participants in the UK building industry Analyzing the profiles of the taking operators in the UK building industry Data high spots of the largest building undertakings in the UK For more inside informations on the content of each study and telling information please contact: Telephone: +91 22 4098 7600 Electronic mail: [ electronic mail protected ]/* Related Link: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. researchonunitedkingdom. com/construction-in-the-uk-a-key-trends-and-opportunities-to-2018. hypertext markup language Drumhead The UK building industry showed marks of recovery towards the terminal of 2013. The industry underwent a hard period during much of 2012. uncovering how delicate the recovery really was. However. in 2013. production increased by 1. 3 % . and was up by 4. 3 % yearly in the 4th one-fourth of the twelvemonth. This growing was supported by authorities investings in substructure and low-cost lodging strategies. The industry is expected to enter a forecast-period ( 2014-2018 ) compound one-year growing rate ( CAGR ) of 4. 20 % . Scope This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the building industry in the UK. It provides: Historical ( 2009-2013 ) and forecast ( 2014-2018 ) ratings of the building industry in the UK utilizing building end product and value-add methods Cleavage by market ( commercial. industrial. substructure. institutional and residential ) and by undertaking type Breakdown of values within each undertaking type. by type of activity ( new building. fix and care. renovation and destruction ) and by type of cost ( stuffs. equipment and services ) Analysis of cardinal building industry issues. including ordinance. cost direction. support and pricing Detailed profiles of the taking building companies in the UK Reasons To Buy Identify and measure market chances utilizing our standardised rating and prediction methodological analysiss Assess market growing potency at a micro-level with over 600 time-series informations prognosiss Understand the latest industry and market tendencies Formulate and validate concern schemes utilizing Timetric’s critical and actionable insight Assess concern hazards. including cost. regulative and competitory force per unit areas Evaluate competitory hazard and success factors Key Highlights Infrastructure investing remains a cardinal scheme to back uping economic growing. In the 2014 budget. the authorities announced programs for a new garden metropolis. with 15. 000 places for Ebbsfleet in Kent. In the 2013 budget. the authorities announced assorted steps to back up substructure building. Economic betterments and a worsening unemployment rate are expected to back up demand in the residential building market. To increase the affordability of lodging and support residential building. the authorities announced the creative activity of a Aid to Buy Scheme ( HTBS ) in its 2013 budget. The first constituent of this strategy. which launched in April 2013. was the Aid to Buy: equity loan. where the buyers of newly-built places would be granted interest-free authorities loans of up to 20 % .

Influence of IT on our lives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Influence of IT on our lives - Essay Example Sheltering information has been at the center of all industries and concerted efforts have been made in order to conserve the critical data that gives an edge in today's globally influenced economies. IT has seriously influenced our lives and its impact is being felt on medicine, business, engineering and now even on the activities of governments. It is being increasingly utilized to ease the way in which work is undertaken and at the same time to simplify the activities of information manipulation and preservation. In this fast paced world demands are increasing with expanding populations and shrinking time frame has placed huge constraints on governments, which finds itself strangled in the dominance of technology. The need of the hour therefore is to expand the role of IT in the public sector and to make use of the precise technologies at the right time. Debates have been held throughout the past decade to analyze the role of IT implementation in the UK governance. In the meantime continuous research has been conducted by UK administration and a number of developments have been made that marked the expansion of IT in the UK's Public sector. Huge budgets have been streamlined towards this issue and the first step for IT enhancement was the development of an online portal that was aimed at providing information to the UK nationals through other web links. Unfortunately the idea was not successful with the English population but it registered the foundation for public sector IT development in the country and it was followed up by the launch of an entirely functional website in 2004.These websites have aimed at automating tasks such as billing and tax paying, and have helped UK citizens in saving the most valued resource of time. A number of accusations have been made regarding the insufficient utilization of resources and UK government has been charged for blindly depending on the wave of Information Technology instead of focusing on the needs of the people. In a report published by the Institute of Public Policy Research (IPPR) UK, the government was advised to ensure that IT innovation was lead by the needs of the publi c rather than by blind faith in technology. A number of recommendations were also made and the government was primarily asked to concentrate on issues like service quality, user satisfaction and time saving. A Manifesto for a Digital Britain has been adopted that are structured around policies of modernizing, recognizing and delineating in order to modernize Britain's public institutions and economy. Various developments have hence been made that are focused on providing the right things to the public these include the vehicle licensing website, the chip and spin technology and the congestion charge to enable automation of the public sector. Chip and PIN Chip and PIN is the name that has been taken for the new EMV Card Payments System designed to supplement and ultimately substitute magnetic stripe payment cards in Europe. It was designed by Europay, Mastercard and Visa, and the specifications for this new technology are managed by EMVCo, a company specially created for that purpose. Chip and PIN has been regarded as the biggest change that has occurred to the payment methods and it is being claimed to be the simplest

What moral values are emphasized in The Theban Plays Essay - 1

What moral values are emphasized in The Theban Plays - Essay Example despite the fact that many of the main characters feel confident in their own power; this power is based on the lack of knowledge concerning the truth. In the play, Oedipus the King, Oedipus is seen as a man who is confident in his own power since he considers himself the savior of the city of Thebes after he killed the Sphinx, which was terrorizing it. He proudly states, â€Å"You all know me, the world knows my fame/ I am Oedipus† (Oedipus the King, 8-9). While this is the case, he does not know the truth concerning his own heritage; that he is a man who is cursed because he killed his father and married his own mother. This knowledge is revealed to him by the seer Tiresias, and this revelation destroys the confidence with which Oedipus carried himself. He comes to the realization that he had committed, albeit unknowingly, some of the worst sins known to man, namely, patricide and incest. The truth is so painful for the king that he chooses to blind himself so that he ceases to see the world that has brought him so much pain. Therefore, it can be said that truth is a powerful force in the play because it not only makes Oedipus realize the emptiness upon which his power is based, but it also creates a vivid picture of how the other characters respond to it. While truth is a good thing to have, it also ends up having a negative effect on the city of Thebes that loses a strong ruler to be replaced by chaos from civil war. Justice is one of the moral values that are displayed in the Theban Plays and it is used to reflect how the people who hold power tend to deny it to those who have none. Furthermore, in the plays, chastisement is seen to be meted out in agreement with the crime that was committed. The justice that is displayed in the plays is one that is based on crime and punishment, so that when characters commit an injustice, their punishment takes place swiftly. Justice seems to be the domain of the gods, who decide the people that are to be punished for the

Financial Strategy Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Financial Strategy - Statistics Project Example Last year was a very challenging period for the company as its total operating profit fell from ' 500 million (in 2004) to ' 302 million in 2005 [1]. The company has set as its mission [1] the delivery 'of great service and results through its people and the achievement of leadership in chosen foodservice markets'. The basis for the achievement of the above target is the commitment towards the employees, the shareholders and the customers (Parnell, 2003). Moreover, the firm recognizes the need for high levels of customer satisfaction which it aims to achieve through the extension of its activities and the development of its relationship with the client. Towards, this direction the use of innovative strategic plans is been considered as a useful tool towards the increase of the company's performance on a long-term basis (Hodgetts et al., 2003). Historically [4] 'strategic decision analysis focused on the effects on individual firms; decisions were based solely on firm optimization criteria, such as return on investment and net present value. Increasingly, firms are recognizing that their internal strategic choices affect their suppliers and customers; however, traditional firm profit-maximizing criteria (e.g., return on investment and net present value) often reject new and emerging technologies' (Shank and Govindarajan, 1993) The firm's strategy for the future has to be based on the effort to retain its place in its industry while trying to secure its level of development throughout the years (Winston, 2002). On the other hand, the chosen plan has to be in accordance not only with the market's current trends but also with the company's financial strength and its ability to respond effectively in every issue appeared in the daily commercial transactions of the specific industry sector. The influence of particular elements has to be taken into account during the design of the corporate strategy for the future (Pritsker, 1997). In order to estimate the effects of the firm's strategy in the future we could use the strategic cost management framework as stated by Shank and Govindarajan which [2] 'demonstrate the strategic power of value chain analysis, i.e., linking external value creating activities all the way from basic raw materials, to component suppliers, and through to the ultimate end-use product delivered to the consumers'. Moreover, the specific framework helps to examine 'how cost management and cost control must be differentiated depending on the strategic positioning chose by the firm, be it cost leadership or product differentiation' [2]. Relative Market position Compass Group is - as always stated - a leading company in its area of operations. Moreover, the company is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a member of FTSE100 [1]. In addition, as always stated above, the firm currently operates in over 90 countries around the world, an achievement that supports its recognition as the leading company in the specific industry. On the other hand, the company has achieved to extend its activities through the establishment of a series of brands which currently dominate

Government Strategies to Meet Individual Childcare Needs

Government Strategies to Meet Individual Childcare Needs Explain the benefits for children when their individual needs are met A child develops very quickly in their early years, they continue to acquire new skills and gain knowledge all the time. Child development covers growth, development and learning from the very moment they are born to 60 months old (August after a child’s 5th birthday). These three areas in bold text are connected and are vastly influenced via a child’s experiences, environment and genetic inheritance. Early Years practitioners should work extremely hard to help bring along and guide a healthy, well-rounded, ‘unique child’ by focusing on a child’s individual needs, characteristics and own interests these benefit each individual child because no two children are exactly the same! They all learn, absorb information and acquire new skills at different stages within their own development. UNICEF (World Wide Children’s Society) Believe that â€Å"Every child is special and all human beings have a right to basic standards, and all races and religions are to be treated equally and with respect†. UN (United Nations) Believe â€Å"All children have a right to have their own views and opinions listened to and have their best interests at heart†. So therefore if these guidelines and beliefs above are followed by all Early Years providers every child will benefit as a good practitioner will help to develop, nurture, support and promote their own key children’s personalities, talents and abilities regardless of ethnicity, culture or religion. Each child will benefit because they will Feel supported and protected with the care they are given Feel valued because their individual needs are understood and met Learn more successfully because they are in a safe and happy environment Be a more confident child with the variety of experiences they are exposed to In the Early Years – Development Matters booklet it talks about every Early Years practitioner works very closely with each individual key child they should be able to pick up any development issues they find earlier; and by identifying these issues early it will help and support the child’s learning and development without causing too much disruption, which in turn benefits the child even further with the extra support and guidance they receive. Every child has different circumstances and abilities, if each individual child is nurtured and their needs are met then they will benefit immensely because they will feel empowered, valued and supported which will therefore extend their own knowledge and promote their own personal learning journey. Describe how the principles of anti-discriminatory practice can be applied to practice Discrimination is when an individual or a typical group of people are excluded and treated unfairly. The ‘Human Rights Act’ and the ‘Equality Act 2010’ promotes ‘anti-discriminatory practice’. Typical discriminative behaviour is negativity regarding gender, disability, social class, physical appearance, race and culture, family background and traditions. There are several different ways of promoting anti-discriminatory behaviour within an Early Years setting Promoting a positive environment where everyone is welcome and greeted with a friendly attitude verbally as well as visually (i.e. Place welcome signs in different languages on the entrance walls of the nursery setting) Providing and promoting equality of opportunity and values for all children, building on an understanding, commitment and attitudes about themselves and others who are from different cultures Building strong positive relationships with both child and their families – even if they have another first language (learning some common words of their own mother’s tongue would help build a stronger relationship) Celebrating multicultural festivals and events throughout the whole year – which allows all the children to participate and gain knowledge Promoting non-stereotypical behaviour during play times allowing all children to choose their own preferred toys and not having typical gender type resources available (i.e. Prams/Dolls for girls and Train sets/Cars for boys) Ensure equal selection of toys, resources and activities which reflect different cultures and religions, and allow them to be an accurate representation and used in the correct way (i.e. Role play, books, crafts etc..) Use parental expertise and advice where needed to ensure there isn’t any element of ignorance within the environment when different types of activities are planned and set out. (Invite parents in to the setting to give a small talk about their own festivals or by sharing their own knowledge and skills with all the children from every background, this is involving the parents and helps them to feel valued within the nursery environment too!) If all Early Years providers and practitioners behave in a non-prejudice way and abide to the above rules any unnecessary conflict within a nursery setting could be avoided and everyone who visits the setting will feel valued, welcome, supported and a positive outcome will prevail, therefore everyone will gain positive emotional well-being. Finally, on a positive note if all the children within the nursery are included, valued and helped to understand differences from themselves they will grow and develop an understanding to accept others who are different from themselves, this in turn will encourage and help children to empathise with others no matter what their differences in background, providing a healthier society in the future! Describe why it is important to plan activities that meet the individual needs of children Children develop at different rates and there are several factors which may impact how a child grows and develops. When an Early Years practitioner is planning activities they should take in to consideration the following Pregnancy or birth difficulties, Disability, Illness, Environment and Stress, because these factors can make a big difference how an individual child learns and develops. Early Years Statutory Framework (EYSF) State thatâ€Å"Practitioners must consider the individual needs, interests, and stage development of each child in their care, and must use this information to plan a challenging and enjoyable experience for each child in all of the areas of learning and development†. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) State thatâ€Å"Practitioners should help develop their key child’s personalities, abilities and talents to the fullest potential, and be given the opportunity to grow up in an environment of happiness, love and understanding†. If practitioners within the nursery setting follow the above guidelines the child’s key worker will have excellent knowledge of their key children within their care. It is their responsibility to offer each key child an individual way to grow and develop at a steady pace. It is advised by (EYSF) that an Early Years practitioner follow this typical cycle of (planning, observation and assessment) for each â€Å"unique child†. A good time to observe is during free play sessions. By being a good listener and observer practitioners can get a better understanding and gain good knowledge of the child’s preferred interests which they find stimulating and what they can/can’t do well independently! An example of this a child loves independently playing with cars and their key worker has observed they need to develop numeracy and creative skills – by providing a fun activity with several types of cars you should immediately capture their curiosity you could begin the activity by counting the cars together, then if the child is still focused and amused you could use the tyres of the cars to make different marks with coloured paints, this in turn will help develop their numeracy knowledge and creativity! By using the typical triangle cycle to plan and access you avoid choosing an activity which is either non-engaging or uninteresting for the child and which may be possibly too easy for the child to gain any suitable knowledge or stimulating enough for their individual learning outcome. Alternatively if a child finds the activity too hard it could provide a negative impact on them and in turn it could affect their self-esteem hindering their own learning journey in the future. If the key worker provides sufficient praise during the planned activity the key child will be supported and this attitude will help their self-esteem and they will continue to progress well. The advantage of using this type of planning cycle for your key child’s learning journey are it can be tracked appropriately and effectively for each individual child within your care and will therefore boost their own development, physical and social growth. Explain how the practitioner can promote children’s physical and emotional well-being within an early years setting Parents have to have immense confidence and trust by leaving their child in the care of practitioners within an Early Years setting therefore it is absolute paramount that their precious child is valued, supported, safe, loved and well cared for during those hours that the parents cannot be around. Every Child Matters: (ECM) is a UK government initiative for England and Wales it states that â€Å"There are five important factors to improve children’s lives as a whole 1. Being healthy, 2. Staying safe; 3. Enjoy achieving; 4. Making a positive contribution; 5. Economic well being†. These five factors may not all apply to Early Years children but by securing and helping them develop the first three skills as the child grows in to an older child factors four and five should be a natural progression/development as long as they continue to be nurtured, supported and valued individuals within society. If Early Years practitioners adhere especially to these first three factors these will provide them with an excellent base and grounding, practitioners can promote a child’s physical and emotional well-being within an Early Years setting in several different ways Safeguarding infants by keeping children safe and secure in a positive environment helps them to achieve the best they can achieve because they will feel secure and well supported Securing strong early relationships having a strong bond with key worker/child is very important for a good quality learning experience Teach children to become aware and to empathise with other people, this gives them a sense of belonging and shows them how to be a helpful and kind individual Being a positive role model by being a healthy key worker, keeping safe and helping them to enjoy achieving with like minded people Focus on positive attitudes and behaviour this type of focus helps the child to realise that good behaviour is rewarding which will give them a sense of achievement Allowing them to have a choice helping them to discover self worth and adapt to their own actions this promotes self-esteem and will build their confidence and will help them to feel empowered as an independent, confident learner Structured daily routine helps the child to feel safe, secure and well cared for which promotes positive behaviour A good practitioner should be able to promote a child’s physical and emotional well being by teaching and being an excellent role model. Children enjoy and like to copy others around them – that is how they learn and develop so it is very important to be a positive role model with a good, positive attitude because it helps them in their early years about the difference between good and negative behaviour. It is equally important to have in place a structured daily routine where the child feels safe, secure and well cared for. A child benefits in many ways when a routine is followed because children quickly adapt themselves and have a great sense of stability, comfort and organisation which in turn promotes positive behaviour and they also gain knowledge of self control. Practitioners should be able to encourage and guide a child during their early years helping them to realise that they have a choice, this will build the child’s own self confidence and they will become more aware of their own actions this in turn will promote independence, self confidence and assertiveness which should help them to develop a positive and healthy bright future.

Poverty in Developing Countries :: essays research papers

As developed countries quench their thirsts for petrol, developing countries around the world are left behind, force to watch on without any help from the outside community. Being poor means to be disadvantaged in every single way. It means not being able to support yourself or your family or have the basic necessity to life. Without substantial help for these helpless people then we should be feeling guilty that we are living lives far better than what others are experiencing. Poverty may because by wars, disease or lack of education and infrastructure and the resulting consequences may be hunger, starvation, crime and ultimately death. If poverty is not eradicated then injustice will continue, increasing death tolls and lives. Not everyone is born into a life of the rich and glamorous. Those who are fortunate enough know that they are very lucky to be in their position. Others however are totally in different situations. They need to fend for themselves and having meal is something which comes only once a day. Malnutrition is the obvious result of not consuming the right amount of food. This therefore will lead to outbreaks of diseases but in poverty stricken countries there are no hospitals to cure this. Lacking infrastructure means lacking educational rights. People who are living in poverty can not afford to send their children to school so this will mean an unclear future for their children. Furthermore, living in crowded areas, this has a tendency to increase the chances of disease as people are drinking from unsafe sources of water. People around the world are not aware of how immense this issue is and sometimes hesitant to believe the scale that it has risen to. Without understanding for people liv ing disadvantage from the rest then there is no cure for the problem. One of the most basic teachings in the Catholic Church is to ?Love one another as I have loved you.? This can be implied towards people living in poverty as we can follow the steps that Jesus had undertaken to love other people even if they are your enemies. By showing love and compassion we can create a world that is aware of poverty issues and help the declination of poverty. Countless organisations are heavily involved in carrying missions to help ultimately eradicate poverty. These charities and organisations include CARITAS, World Vision, Oxfam, St Vincent de Paul and many other non profitable organisations which help carry out work to help those who are in need.

Pestal Analysis of Airline Industry in India Essay

Economics Project Submitted To : suhana malik Submitted By :raJbeer kaur Enrollment no. :m 8023863880 Class Roll NO : 62 Course : MBA Company Chosen: British Airways Existing Line of Business: Aviation New Market: Indian Aviation Industry British Airways Future Indian Plans: British Airways global CEO Willie Walsh finds India to be one of the fastest growing aviation markets in the world. Walsh, who was in Mumbai on September 3rd, 2010 to announce a code-share agreement with Kingfisher Airlines, says that despite the airline facing mounting competition from other international carriers operating in India, he is not worried as India has huge growth potential and each player can have a decent pie of the expanding market. On the flip side, he tells that though the future of the aviation industry is consolidation and many foreign carriers want to invest in India, Indian law does not permit them to do so. Mr. Willie Walsh said, â€Å"India is the second largest market for us after the US. In fact, after the recession, India was among the fastest regions to recover from the downfall. We are operating in and out of India for the past several decades and will continue to o so in a consolidated fashion. We have a huge customer base here and we still find growth opportunities in the region. Though I can’t divulge revenue details from India, I have always said that India will be one of the biggest aviation markets in the future and clearly, we want to have a very strong presence in this market. † PESTLE Analysis: The Indian Airline Industry Political Factors industry existing in the country. Like it or not, the political interference has to be present everywhere. Given below are a few of the political factors with respect to the airline industry: The airline industry is very susceptible to changes in the political environment as it has a great bearing on the travel habits of its customers. An unstable political environment causes uncertainty in the minds of the air travellers, regarding travelling to a particular country. Overall India’s recent political environment has been largely unstable due to international events & continued tension with Pakistan. The Gujarat riots & the government’s inability to control the situation have also led to an increase in the instability of the political arena. The most significant political event however has been September 1 1 . The events occurring on September had special significance for the airline industry since airplanes were involved. The immediate results were a huge drop in air traffic due to safety & security concerns of the people. International airlines are greatly affected by trade relations that their country has with others. Unless governments of the two countries trade with each other, there could be restrictions of flying into particular area leading to a loss of potential air traffic (e. . Pakistan & India) Another aspect is that in countries with high corruption levels like India, bribes have o be paid for every permit & license required. Therefore constant liasoning with the minister & other government official is necessary. The state owned airlines suffer the maximum from this problem. These airlines have to make several special considerations with respect to selection of routes, free seats to ministers, etc which a pr ivately owned airline need not do. The state owned airlines also suffers from archaic laws applying only to them such as the retirement age of the pursers & hostesses, the labour regulations which make the management less flexible in taking ecision due to the presence of a strong union, & the heavy control &interference of the government. This affects the quality of the service delivery & therefore these airlines have to think of innovative service marketing ideas to circumvent their problems & compete with the private operators. Economic Factors Business cycles have a wide reaching impact on the airline industry. During recession, airline is considered a luxury & therefore spending on air travel is cut which leads to reduce prices. During prosperity phase people indulge themselves in travel & prices increase. After the September 11 incidents, the world economy plunged into global recession due to the depressed sentiment of consumers. In India, even a company like Citibank given first class railway tickets instead of plane tickets. The loss of income for airlines led to higher operational costs not only due to low demand but also due to higher insurance costs, which increased after the WTC bombing. This prompted the industry to lay off employees, which further fuelled the recession as spending decreased due to the rise in unemployment. Even the SARS outbreak in the Far East was a major cause for slump in the airline industry. Even the Indian carriers like Air India was deeply affected as many flights were cancelled due to internal (employee relations) as well as external problems, which has been discussed later. Social Factors The changing travel habits of people have very wide implications for the airline industry. In a country like India, there are people from varied income groups. The airlines have to recognize these individuals and should serve them accordingly. Air India needs to focus on their clientele which are mostly low income clients & their habits in order to keep them satisfied. The destination, kind of food etc all has o be chosen carefully in accordance with the tastes of their major clientele. Especially, since India is a land of extremes there are people from various religions and castes and every individual travelling by the airline would expect customization to the greatest possible extent. For e. g. A Jain would be satisfied with the service only if he is served Jain food and it should be kept in mind that the customers next to him are also Jain or at least vegetarian. Another good example would be the case of South West Airlines which occupies a solid position in the minds of the US air travelers as a reliable and convenient, fun, ow fare, and no frills airline. The major element of its success was the augmented marketing mix which it used very effectively. What South West did was it made the environment inside the plane very consumer friendly. The crew neither has any uniform nor does it serve any lavish foods, which indirectly reduces the costs and makes the consumers feel comfortable. Technological Factors The increasing use of the Internet has provided many opportunities to airlines. For e. g. Air Sahara has introduced a service, through the internet wherein the unoccupied seats are auctioned one week prior to the departure. Air India also provides many internet based services to its customer such as online ticket booking, updated flight information & handling of customer complaints. USTDA (US trade & development association) is funding a feasibility study and workshops for the Airports Authority of India as part of a long-term effort to promote navigation, surveillance, and air traffic management systems for India’s aviation sector that will help the country meet the expected growth and demand for air passenger and cargo service over the next decade. A proposal for restructuring the existing airports at Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata through long-term lease to make them world class is under consideration. This will help in attracting investments in improving the infrastructure and services at these airports. Setting up of new international airports at Bangalore, Hyderabad and Goa with private sector participation is also envisaged. A good example of the impact of technology would be that of AAI, wherein with the help of technology it has converted its obsolete and unused hangars into profit centers. AAI is now leasing these hangars to international airlines and is earning huge profits out of it. AAI has also tried to utilize space that was previously wasted installing a lamination machine to laminate the luggage of travelers. This activity earns AAI a lot of revenue. These technological changes in the environment have an impact on Air India as well. Better airport infrastructure, means better handling of airplanes, which can help reduce maintenance cost. It also facilitates more flights to such destinations. Legal Factors Prior to 1953, there were 9 private airlines in operation with too many surplus aircraft and the airline industry was sick. There was no competitive environment in the onopolized aviation market.

Jay Gatsby †Victimized by the American Dream

Jay Gatsby – Victimized by the American Dream Free Online Research Papers The American Dream is a dream about possibilities, and a desire for success. In the eyes of the dreamer, the goal is to work hard to attain the end prize. Sometimes the prize is money, sometimes it is love; regardless of what the prize, the dreamer works hard to reach this goal. In the novel The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby is driven by his desire to achieve the American Dream. Unfortunately, Gatsby’s drive to achieve the dream also results in him falling victim to it. Essentially, Gatsby falls victim to the American Dream because he is forced to face the reality that his dream is just that, a dream that is out of reach and unrealistic. The main elements of Gatsby’s American Dream are: love, wealth and popularity/status. Through these concepts, Gatsby both attains and falls victim to them in his quest to fulfill his dream, the American Dream. There are many elements of the American Dream. Each dream is unique, depending on who the dream belongs to. One common element of the American Dream is to attain a great deal of wealth. Gatsby becomes primarily motivated to fulfill this dream in knowing that ‘Rich girls don’t marry poor boys’. It is this knowledge and insight that propels Gatsby to invest in his American Dream. Gatsby knows that to attain his dream he needs money and wealth. Gatsby grew up in North Dakota and did have any connections, neither money nor education. He spent his youth training for his â€Å"Big Break†. Highly motivated, he had a plan to escape his life in North Dakota. Gatsby was resentful of his parents and their poverty. â€Å"His parents were shiftless and unsuccessful farm people his imagination had never really accepted them as his parents at all.†(Fitzgerald 9.) Gatsby’s desire to escape the poverty and limits of his upbringing was so powerful that he would pretend to not belong to his family. Gatsby’s opportunity to get out of his small family farm and into wealth occurs when he encounters a man by the name of Dan Cody. Dan Cody teaches Gatsby the ‘Tricks of the Trade’, skills he could use with a bootlegging business. With this new job, Gatsby is suddenly given the opportunity to meet his goal in the quickest and easiest way (even though it was illegal). Gatsby’s decision to partic ipate in this illegal trade shows how strong of a desire he has to reach his dream. Gatsby proves that he has attained a great deal of wealth when he invests in his large elegant mansion. Gatsby’s mansion is a key symbol of aspiration reflecting Gatsby’s successes as an American self made man for owning a large house in the 1920’s was an outward sign of material success. Gatsby’s status of wealth is so extreme, others describe it as: â€Å"†¦ a colossal affair by any standard- it was a factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy, with a tower on one side, spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a marble swimming pool, and more than forty acres of lawn and garden. It was Gatsby’s mansion.†(Fitzgerald 11) Gatsby’s mansion is proof of his wealth and status which in time helps him achieve one element of his American Dream.Gatsby is a very proper man who, on the outside, shows a persona of wealth and success. He wears clothes that are reflective of his wealth (specifically his silk shirts) which are noticed by many people. Gatsby’s ‘Golden Girl’, Daisy, said that she felt overwhelmed with emotion as a reaction to his clothes. â€Å"It makes me sad because Ive never seen such such beautiful shirts before.(Fitzgerald 94). Gatsby’s silk shirts are a representation of his wealth, and proof that he has achieved a portion of his American Dream. The extravagances of Gatsby’s parties also illustrate how much wealth he has accumulated and how much of it he is willing to share. Gatsby pays for all his guests’ wild times which, in turn, shows that his wealth all the more apparent. People from all over the neighbourhood knew about his parties, for they were so large that neighbours would reflect and think about them long after they were over. Nick Carraway, Gatsby’s neighbour observed the following: â€Å"There was music from my neighbor’s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and he champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his motor-boats slid the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam. On week-ends his Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with mops and scrubbing-brushes and hammersand garden-shears, repairing the ravages of the night before†. (Fitzgerald 41) Clearly Gatsby’s parties are memorable, and illustrate to everyone that attended and heard about them that Gatsby is enormously wealthy. Gatsby shows off his wealth through materialistic objects in his house, especially with his massive library. In the 1920’s it was common that rich people would fill their libraries up with artificial books; Gatsby, however, proves his status of wealth with real books. A guest from one of Gatsby’s parties makes the following observation about his books: Absolutely real have pages and everything. I thought theyd be a nice durable cardboard. Matter of fact, theyre absolutely real. Pages and Here! Lemme show you. (Fitzgerald 47). The discovery of these actual books, and the apparent excitement the guest has, demonstrate the enormous wealth that is obvious to Gatsby’s neighbours and party goers. Although Gatsby attains wealth, he also falls victim to this element of his dream through the methods and ways he came into his money. Gatsby was raised in a morally correct family and he was brought up with the values and knowledge of right from wrong, however to achieve his dream Gatsby chose to go against his morals and values, by earning his money illegally through bootlegging. Gatsby’s true identity is bought forward by Tom Buchanan who says: He and this Wolfshiem bought up a lot of sidestreet drug stores here and in Chicago and sold grain alcohol over the counter. Thats one of his little stunts. I picked him for a bootlegger the first time I saw him and I wasnt far wrong.(Fitzgerald ..) The way that Gatsby makes his money is what makes him a victim of the American Dream; It is because he sacrifices his values in the process. It is because of Gatsby’s desire to live his American Dream, he then overlooks his morals and knowledge of right an wrong. It is more important for Gatsby to become a success, and reach his American Dream, than to live by the standards he knows. Therefore, the decay of his morals are part of what makes Gatsby a victim to his American Dream. Secondly, Gatsby attains another important element of his American Dream, popularity. He has a certain status in society which he has personally built, showing of his hard-working nature to achieve his dream. Popularity and status is a part of his dream because he wants to belong to the East Eggers, which represents old money and a high social status. Gatsby throws wild and crazy parties every Saturday night at his mansion in West Egg and guests are catered to with food and liquors, and also treated to an orchestra of music. Because Gatsby’s parties are so grand, this makes him a very popular man. Gatsby’s house is the place to be every Saturday night, and guests simply ‘show up’, knowing that he will have a fabulous party planned. Gatsby throws these parties because he believes that they will help him achieve popularity and a high social status. This is a very important part of Gatsby’s American Dream. Therefore, the popularity and success that Gatsby gains because of his huge parties demonstrate that he has successfully attained that part of his American Dream. Gatsby falls victim to the ‘popularity’ element of his dream because his desire to be so popular and accepted by those who have a high social status leads to people who are attending his parties to take advantage of him. They use him for his house, his cars and his beach. I believe that on the first night I went to Gatsbys house I was one of the few guests who had actually been invited. People were not invited they went there. They got in to automobiles which bore them out to Long Island, and some how they eneded up at Gatsby’s door†¦ Sometimes they came and went without having met Gatsby at all, came for the party with a simplicity of heart that was its own ticket of admission†(Fitzgerald 43) This first hand account of how guests came and went to his parties uninvited, and did not even know Gatsby, illustrate how he is victimized as a result of his search for popularity and high social status. Therefore, Gatsby falls victim to this part of his American Dream because it creates an environment where he is used and manipulated by those who attended. His party goers came to his parties because of the free food and liquor, not because they truly wanted to become friends with Gatsby. That is how Gatsby becomes a victim to the American Dream. Another way that Gatsby falls victim to the American Dream is through personal attacks in the form of rumours. In reality, very few people personally know Gatsby, and some people start rumours about him. One party guest said: Hes a bootlegger.One time he killed a man who found out that he was nephew to Von Hindenburg and second cousin to the devil.' (Fitzgerald 61). There is a lot of questions about who Gatsby is amongst his party guest, because most have never met him before. They make rumours up to fill their imagination of whom this man could possibly be, as he has such wealth that he can throw such extravagant parties. Therefore, Gatsby is victimized by the American Dream because he is attacked personally in the shape of rumours and lies that others spread about him. These lies are created and spread because of his wealth and popularity, and his success with attaining that part of his American Dream. People who are jealous of his successes are driven by this jealousy to hurt Gatsby in any way they can. The rumours that are created as a result of Gatsby’s popularity contribute to his victimization because of the American Dream. When Nick Caraway invites Wolfshiem, someone who has spent a great deal of time with Gatsby, to Gatsby’s funeral, he (Wolfshiem) comments that he does not want to go: When a man gets killed I never like to get mixed up in it in any way. I keep out. When I was a young man it was differentI stuck with them to the endLet us learn to show friendship for a man when he is alive and not after he is dead. (Fitzgerald 173) This attitude demonstrates another way that Gatsby is victimized by the American Dream. It appears as if Gatsby is a popular man, well liked by many, when he is alive. However, when he is killed, and his friend refuses to pay his respect, true feelings are revealed. This lack of desire to show respect to Gatsby proves that Wolfshiem, like many others, were not really Gatsby’s friends after all. Infact, they used and manipulate Gatsby to get what they want. And when they cannot get any more out of him, they walk away. Therefore, Gatsby is victimized by the American Dream because he is abandoned by his ‘friends’. Their true desire to simply use Gatsby, and not be a true friend becomes clear. These people who associate with Gatsby, and attend his parties do not really care for him. Gatsby is successful in achieving a high social status, which is a large part of his American Dream. Gatsby works hard to achieve his high social status. He wants to become like the notorious East Eggers. What Gatsby discovers about the status he manages to achieve is that it ends up not being ‘the right one’. Gatsby strives to be accepted by the more ‘fashionable’ side of upper East Egg, while he represents West Egg. The difference is that the East Eggers are considered the highest social standard. They come from ‘old money’, where their wealth has been inherited, and usually not worked for. The West Eggers are people who make their own large fortunes, but they lack the traditions that come with inherited wealth. The West Eggers have to work for their money, and their wealth lacks the history that the East Eggers have. The East Eggers, represented in The Great Gatsby by the Buchanans, have the inherited traditions that come with wealth . Due to their inherited traditions, the East Eggers naturally disregard any change in the social hierarchy as a threat to the entire structure of society. Gatsby strives to be accepted by the old money but fails to do so. For example when Tom and Daisy Buchanan come to one of Gatsby’s parties that he throws specifically to try and ‘woo’ them, his efforts fall short of their high standards: â€Å"But the rest offended her-and inarguably, because it wasnt a gesture but an emotion. She was appalled by West Egg, this unprecedented ‘place.’ that Broadway had begotten upon a Long Island fishing village-appalled by its raw vigor that chafed under the old euphemisms and by the too obtrusive fate that herded its inhabitants along a short-cut from nothing to nothing. She saw something awful in the very simplicity she failed to understand†.(Fitzgerald 164) The people gathered at Gatsbys house were not particularly well known, and they behaved openly, in a manner that is not traditionally accepted by old money. This demonstrates another way that Gatsby is victimized by his dream of popularity and social status because his goal of fitting in with the old money simply was unattainable. Therefore, Gatsby is victimized because he is disappointed that, despite his hard work and effort, he is not, and will never be, accepted into the high social status that he wants so desperately to belong to. Finally, Gatsby attains his final and very important part of his American Dream, his quest for love. Gatsby focuses and obsesses about Daisy and the commitment they had given to one another before he went off to war. Gatsby met Daisy, the love of his life, when he was a youth, and he never forgot his first love. Before he went off to war, Daisy had promised Gatsby she would wait for his return. However, Daisy breaks her promise and marries the wealthy Tom Buchanan. Gatsby believes that this agreement they made to meet again will last. Gatsby goes to great lengths to reach his dream of being with Daisy. He buys a large mansion across the lake from her, and throws large parties (hoping she will wander through his doors). Gatsby longs for Daisy’s love and this obsession of Gatsby’s is a driving force for him; his love and desire for Daisy is the ultimate prize, the final piece to his American Dream. Therefore, Gatsby represents the American Dream with this element becaus e it (true love) is his driving force. The American Dream is about reaching goals, and stopping at nothing until you get them. Gatsby’s drive and ambition to attain this goal makes him relentless. He represents the American Dream because of the force that drives him to reach it; Gatsby is motivated and focused on getting his prize, his first true love Daisy. While Gatsby is driven to achieve this element of his American Dream, to reconnect with his love Daisy, it results in Gatsby becoming a victim. In their youth, despite knowing they could not marry due to differences in social classes, they still allowed their love to flourish. When Gatsby returns home from the war, he spends the next five years acquiring money to meet and exceed Daisy’s economic standards, in hopes of winning her back. ’Oh, you want too much!’ she cried to Gatsby. ‘I love you now – isn’t that enough? I can’t help what’s past.’ She began to sob helplessly. ‘I did love him once – but I loved you too.’ Gatsby’s eyes opened and closed. ‘You loved me TOO?’ he repeated. (Fitzgerald 126) Daisy, in revealing that she indeed loves both her husband and Gatsby, hurts Gatsby more than Daisy can comprehend. In Gatsby’s opinion, Daisy has betrayed him, as she states that she loves both Gatsby and Tom (her husband). Therefore, Gatsby is victimized by the American Dream when he discovers that his one true love does not love him back the way that he loves her. This particularly hurts Gatsby as his whole focus or drive to attain his American Dream is to win his ‘golden girl’, Daisy Buchanan. In the novel The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby attains the American Dream and is victimized by it. His American Dream consists of attaining wealth, popularity and love. Although he gains all three of his desires, he also becomes victimized either through them, or as a direct result of them. First, Gatsby desires to find wealth. He reaches his goal, but then becomes a victim through people manipulating him and taking advantage of his wealth and generosity. Additionally, Gatsby desires to integrate into a high social status. Although he reaches this goal, he becomes victim to the goal because the status he attains is not ‘good enough’. Finally, Gatsby’s ultimate prize is about love. Although he achieves this goal, and his true love expresses her love for him, she also tells him that she loves another man. Therefore, Gatsby falls victim to this part of his American Dream because his love is not satisfied. In conclusion, Gatsby attains the elements of his America n Dream, expecting the Dream to be fulfilled. However, what he discovers is that the American Dream is a dream, not a reality. A dream cannot come true – because if it did, it would no longer be a dream. Therefore, F. Scott Fitzgerald successfully portrays Gatsby as a character who both attains the American Dream and becomes victimized by it. Research Papers on Jay Gatsby - Victimized by the American DreamMind TravelThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTwilight of the UAWHip-Hop is ArtNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceStandardized Testing19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionEffects of Television Violence on Children

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The Media and Its Role Today Essay The media has always been playing the main role in providing information to us. Whether it covers on education, information or entertainment, gaining the latest news on these topics has been made easier nowadays with the help of the media. There are a number of the types of media that could be obtained nowadays. This includes television, radio, newspapers, magazines and internet. Although the main idea of the media is to educate people on the latest happenings, and connect the people from different parts of the world, there is also a downside of it. Sometimes, the media could have an impact towards a person’s personal lifestyle. One of the many impacts that could be influenced by an individual due to the media is their state of health. Exposure of the media could influence us either mentally, physically and socially as well. 2. 0 So How Does the Media Influence a Person’s Health? 2. 1 Parent Child Relationship First of all, the media in a non obvious way is actually influencing its audience’s social relationship between parent and child. There is no doubt that when relating to the media, families are always getting together whenever they are watching a movie or enjoying their favourite sitcom aired daily. This is one of the healthy influences of the media as it helps to create closer bonds between parents and their children. A recent study estimated that 65 to 85 percent of young children’s viewing is with family members, where more than half viewing with their parents. (Van Evra 1998) But on the other hand, some people tend to misuse the media as a way to get out of family crisis. This could be seen normally among teenagers and young children where they turn to the media to avoid interaction between family members, especially their parents. It is indeed true that parents are the main contributors towards how their children behave. Nevertheless, it also could not be denied that the media is also one of the major influences of this matter as well. Nowadays, the younger generations are more advanced, in terms of how they think and act. It is due to the reason that they are too exposed to the media contents portrayed in films and music videos. The younger children as well as teenagers mostly, imitate these behaviours and adapt them to their everyday life. For example, if they were to see a scene where a child talks back to their parent, the child will tend to do the same thing to their own parent. Other than that, due to work load and inconsistent working hours, parents tend to use the media as a way to keep their children occupied. They will leave their children glued in front of the television or play station while they are away, whether for work or leisure. According to a recent study in the US, watching television often replaces the time for doing homework, playing and reading which is essential in creating closer bonds between a parent and child. This influences the child to become addicted to the media, and they will constantly be attached to it. Due to this matter, relationships between their parents will be reduced. Therefore, we could argue that relationships between a parent and child can be influenced by the media. 2. 2 Diabetes and Obesity It is agreeable that the media’s main role is to inform and educate its viewers on latest events happening around the world. Another main role of the media is to act as a medium for advertisers to advertise their products. Advertisements can be gained from different types of media. For instance we have newspapers, magazines, internet, radio and the most common medium which is the television. Fast food companies advertise their products often to attract viewers to buy them. It is true that advertising sells, but it may affect impressionable youngsters and self-conscious adolescents. An online survey showed that an individual watching television for 2 hours per day would have seen a total of 20,000 food advertisements in just one year. The most commonly showed commercials are food containing high sugar and fat, which is known to be dangerous to the human body. Without even noticing, the media is supporting the food industry which is contributing towards a significant effect on future problems involving weight issues. Besides that, children in particular are being exposed to the media without any parental guidance. Parents are letting their children having television sets in their bedroom, which is not a good thing as this promotes unhealthy habits, such as eating while watching television. A recent online study showed that children who have televisions in their bedroom are more likely to have weight problems, in this case obesity and diabetes than those who do not have televisions in their room. From that online research, the statistics showed that 27. 3% of children with a television in their room are overweight, which is high compared with 17. 7% of children who do not have a television in their bedroom. Therefore, it is also arguable that the media could influence the occurrences of diabetes and obesity. 2. 3 Anorexia Through out the decades, our definition towards beauty has been altered dramatically. We no longer value people from all shapes, sizes and skin colour. The underlying cause is the portrayal of beauty standards in the media in this generation. 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In short, they have developed a fear for food and a fear for getting fat. The influence of media is on our daily lives, so often we are not aware how it is affecting us. Celebrities being the main focus of the media, how they portray themselves will indirectly influence their viewers especially young girls who are not old enough to make sound judgments. In the television series, Ally Mcbeal, apparently the show’s star refused to eat so that she could keep up with the thinness of her co-stars such as Lucy Liu, Courtney Thorne-Smith and Portia De Rossi. These little girls will grow up thinking that â€Å"thin is in† after watching shows that condone unhealthy body image. That is when they will most likely have a tendency to develop an eating disorder such as anorexia. Related statistics by the National Eating Diorder Association indicates that 40-60% of high school girls are on diet, 30-40% of junior high school children are concerned about their weight and 40% of 9 year olds have dieted. Lately the influence of celebrities such as Keira Knightly, Nicole Richie and Kate Moss with emaciated stick-thin bodies have inspired young girls and women alike to emulate their body type. Put it simply, the extreme exposure of celebrities with size 2 or less figures has made women and little girls unhappy or dissatisfied with their body image. However, parental influence can also plays an important part in contributing to a child’s idea of an ideal weight or size. Mass media may be bombarding young minds with unrealistic standards of beauty, but it is a parent’s job to educate the child from young to know what is healthy and what isn’t. If a parent is constantly dieting and complaining about unhappy body image, then a child will more likely be vulnerable to developing an eating disorder such as anorexia. Anorexia is a very serious mental illness as it has caused many deaths in women and teenage girls because of their refusal to eat. A study by the National Eating Disoder Association indicates that 5-20% of those with anorexia nervosa will face complications associated with the disorder such as kidney failure and heart problems. This means that among all the mental disorders, anorexia has the highest mortality rate. Their minds have been conditioned so badly to think that by eating the slightest bit that they will get fat. Their bodies’ lost of nutrients, fat and minerals can cause them to die unless they get treatment in time. Prevention can save lives by encouraging healthy, realistic attitudes towards weight and diet. 2. 4 Violence Let’s face it, the media is cool, whatever is being done on television is being emulated by the public. For example fashion trends, smoking habits, binge drinking and premarital sex. But what happens when violence as seen on television is being seen as the way to solve problems? Violence these days is on the rise. People think it is alright to solve problems using violence. For example solve a feud by firing fire arms at each, beat up someone for not giving money, or blowing up a public facility. These cases especially involve young adolescents who spend too much time viewing violence on television and video games. The problem with violence in real life is that one cannot escape getting hurt from a violent action. Most television dramas portray characters still end up alive or not hurt at all during a round firing bullets at each or that a character can survive a major bomb blast in a building by some stroke of luck. It is unrealistic that someone get up on his feet with just a few bruises after being bashed up by a bunch of gangsters. That is what has been aired on television time after time. For example, the latest popular drama TV series Heroes and Smallville show unrealistic events such as rising from the dead multiple times after being killed many times. The shows’ character flying into the sky might make children under 6 think that flying is possible as in the case of a boy who thought he could be Superman flew out the window and died. It is also unrealistic that people can develop supernatural powers by being infected by alien meteorites or through gene mutation. However, most viewers who are children and teenagers might not have good judgment to know that violence can’t solve anything would emulate their actions on television in real life. The case of two teenage boys who shot dead 13 people in a Columbine High School were fans of the highly popular video game DOOM. DOOM is a very highly violent video game where players go around building tiers to shoot characters in the video game. Analysts theorize that part of the killer’s problem may have desensitization due to the vast amount of time spent on video games, music and vidoes filled with violent imagery. Even violent music lyrics have been shown to instil violent thoughts and emotions in a person. A research conducted by New Scientist revealed that children who listen to violent music lyrics all the time were more likely to make aggressive association with words like animal, rock and stick. This is especially so with the availability of downloading softwares, whereby anyone can download violent songs and listen to it in a portable device such MP3, MP4 and Ipod anytime. Violent messages will constantly be bombarding their heads and more likely bringing out violent actions in chidren and teenagers. According to a survey carried out by American Academy of Pediatrics ( AAP ), studies have shown that excessive exposure to violent imagery in the mass media increases the likely hood of a child committing acts of violence. Base on statistics, nearly 2 out of 3 TV programs contain violent acts, averaging 6 violent acts per hour. An average child would have seen 10,000 violent acts per year by just watching 2 hours of cartoons a day. Teens who watch more than 1 hour of TV a day are four times more likely compared to other kids to commit violent acts. A typical kid who enters middle school would have seen 8000 murders and 10,000 more acts of violence aired on television. In another study, researchers found that by cutting down television and video game consumption to less than an hour a day decreases verbal aggression by 50% and physical aggression by 40%. This is very serious as violence is the leading cause of death for children, adolescents and young adults which is a higher cause compared to diseases, cancer or congenital disorder. In the past, violence was seen as a way to solve disputes as it was important to determine the survival of the fittest. However this media-exposed generation has been influenced to think that violence is cool and acceptable. We must remember that this is the real world, people can get injured and don’t heal miraculously or wake up from the dead. Destruction and chaos are the result of despicable violent acts committed by people. 2. 5 Racial and Ethnic Discrimination The media is so much part of young people’s lives these days that it is impossible to not base life and make judgments by comparing to the media. Media influence is so prevalent that when we look at a race with tend to stereotype them to what is being portrayed in the media. If are not careful, we will be growing up with a narrow mind by thinking everything the media says is true. For example, minorities such as the blacks and Latinos are always portrayed as the bad guys. When we meet one in real life, we tend to immediately shun them thinking they are not good people as seen on television. Another reason media influence has caused discrimination among certain races and ethnic groups is that the minorities are seldom cast as the lead character. Almost always they are second to the lead character, the victim, the bad guy or the first to die in the movies and television drama. Caucasians are mostly cast as the lead actor or actresses whether they are distress, out to save the world or leading a normal family life. This is a bad influence to the young generation who are exposed to the media 24/7 thinking that Caucasians or Americans will always be the superior person in power, never the minority. Discrimination among certain races and ethnic groups due to media influence has caused us to belief that Caucasian looks are all that. Media influence has caused us to believe that fair, big eyes, sharp noses and high cheek bones are standard beauties of today. We have ignored other qualities of other races to be deem as beautiful. These include people of colour, people with slit eyes, people with the big lips which is an attribute among the blacks and so on. Hardly do you see an African woman or man donning the covers of magazines. On the contrary, it is history that has influenced the media to portray a certain race or culture in a discriminated way. The blacks were brought to America as slaves in the olden days. Most cab drivers in New York are Indians. The Chinese culture believes that women cannot be independent and Indonesians in Malaysia are mainly maids and construction labourers. So, what the media has done is simply highlighting real life situations and portraying them as they are. Hence, a local movie would most likely portray the maid of a family as an Indonesian for this is common in Malaysian society. Therefore, we cannot argue the fact that it is the people who have instead influenced the media. In conclusion, media can influence people’s beliefs of a certain race or culture. However, we must not forget that it is people’s beliefs in the first place that has influenced the media to portray them in a certain way. This cycle can only stop if we change our own beliefs to influence the media on race and culture. 3. 0 The Media Does Influence a Person’s Health The mass media is a very powerful tool. It can shape our beliefs, influence our perspective and distort our views on anything and everything. In addition to that also, our state of health could easily be influenced by the mass media. We should always take extra precaution and note that the people ehind the media are just out to make big bucks, where they will portray whatever it is they want you to see and believe so that you will be obsessed with their product. Therefore, we must instill in children from young to always create a filter in their minds to differentiate right from wrong whenever they are exposed to the media. Although media influence is strong, with parental guide and the rig ht education, it can make all the difference in raising the next generation to make sound judgments about the contents in the media. Individuals should be exposed on the harms that media can cause, in this case towards our health in order to generate a better future.